Spin coater (SPIN PROCESSOR, MODEL WS- 650SZ-LORELL); Pulsed laser deposition (PLD 2000-PVD Products Ltd); Furnace L1206 M (CALORIS, Romania); FT-IR spectrophotometer (Perkin Elmer, Spectrum 100); Micro Raman spectrometer (Horiba-Jobin Yvon, LABRAM HR 800); UV-Vis spectrophotometer (Perkin Elmer, Lambda 1050); Ellipsometer (Horiba Jobin Yvon, UVISEL); Edinburgh Instruments FLS 920 Spectrofluorimeter (Vis range); Spectrofluorometer (Horiba-Jobin Yvon, NanoLog )